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Channels-Arda_Valles-PIA16286-PCF-LXTT-IPF.jpgFeatures of Arda Valles (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga/Lunar Explorer Italia/Italian Planetary Foundation)76 visiteThis is a frame taken by the NASA - MArs Odyssey Orbiter during its 49661st orbit, and it shows us a few Drainage Channels which are part of the Channel Network that comprises Arda Valles.
Latitude (centered): 20,3688° South
Longitude (centered): 327,2160° East
Instrument: VIS
Captured: February, 23rd, 2013
This frame (which is an Original Mars Odyssey Orbiter b/w frame published on the NASA - Planetary Photojournal with the ID n. PIA 16286) has been additionally processed and then colorized in Absolute Natural Colors (such as the colors that a human eye would actually perceive if someone were onboard the NASA - Mars Odyssey Orbiter and then looked down, towards the Surface of Mars), by using an original technique created - and, in time, dramatically improved - by the Lunar Explorer Italia Team.MareKromium
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Rhea-IMG004709-br500-PCF-LXTT-IPF.jpgFarewell to Rhea (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga/Lunar Explorer Italia/Italian Planetary Foundation)76 visiteOn its fourth and final targeted Fly-By of Rhea, the NASA - Cassini Spacecraft provided many stunning views its ancient, tormented and heavily cratered Surface. Billions of years of impacts, in fact, have sculpted Rhea's Surface into the form we see today and, with a diameter of approx. 950 miles (such as about 1528,8 Km), Rhea is the second-largest moon of Saturn.
In the EDM here (is on the lower right - Dx - of the CTX Frame), you can see an extremely interesting and, in a way, really mysterious and bizarre-looking Horizontal Linear Structure that looks like a Wall and whose upper edge is still illuminated by the Sun; the Structure - whose origin is and, most likely, will remain unknown - is located within a relatively small-sized and Unnamed Impact Crater and it extends for about one/third of its Inner Diameter. This view was taken in Visible Light on December 22, 2012, at a distance of approximately 16.805 miles (such as a little less than 27.045 Km) from the Surface of Rhea.
This frame (which is an Original NASA - Cassini Spacecraft b/w image identified by the serial n. N00199484) has been additionally processed, contrast enhanced, and then colorized in Absolute Natural Colors (such as the colors that a human eye would actually perceive if someone were onboard the NASA - Cassini Spacecraft and then looked down, towards the Surface of the Saturnian moon Rhea), by using an original technique created - and, in time, dramatically improved - by the Lunar Explorer Italia Team. Different colors, as well as different shades of the same color, mean, among others, the existence of different Elements present on the Surface of Rhea, each having a different Albedo (---> Reflectivity) and Chemical Composition.
Note: it is possible (but we, as IPF, have no way to be one-hundred-percent sure of such a circumstance), that the actual luminosity of the Surface of Rhea - as it is presented in this image - would appear, to an average human eye, way lower than it has been shown (or, better yet: interpreted) here.MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Craters-Unnamed_Craters-PIA17827-PCF-LXTT-IPF-00.jpgMercurian Nightfall (CTX Frame - Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga/Lunar Explorer Italia/Italian Planetary Foundation)76 visiteWith the Sun already extremely low in the Sky over this Mercurian Region located in the Northern Hemisphere of the Innermost Planet of the Solar System (the Sun is only about 8° above the imaged Local Horizon), the long, deep and dark Shadows created by this specific Spatial Configuration, accentuate the very uneven (---> highly irregular) nature of the Terrain.
In fact, the Surface visible here (---> we are looking at a scene which is about 14,6 Km - such as a very little more than 9 miles - across) has been battered - for eons and eons - by a countless number of Meteors and other Cosmic Impactors, until the Hilly Surface that exists and we can see today was finally created. For the most attentive Viewers, we, as IPF, strongly suggest you to take a careful look at the (very unusually-looking) Surface Feature (probably an oblong Secondary Crater with a strange - and still illuminated - Central Peak) that is located on the lower portion of the frame, slightly towards the left (Sx).
Date acquired: November, 12th, 2013
Image Mission Elapsed Time (MET): 26543484
Image ID: 5181047
Instrument: Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS)
Center Latitude: 67,11° North
Center Longitude: 249,80° East
Solar Incidence Angle: 82,0° (meaning that the Sun, at the time that the picture was taken, was about 8,0° above the imaged Local Mercurian Horizon)
Emission Angle: 36,9°
Sun-Mercury-Messenger (or "Phase") Angle: 118,9°
This picture (which is an Original NASA - MESSENGER Spacecraft's b/w and NON-Map-Projected image published on the NASA - Planetary Photojournal with the ID n. PIA 17827) has been additionally processed, contrast enhanced, Gamma corrected, magnified to aid the visibility of the details and then colorized in Absolute Natural Colors (such as the colors that a human eye would actually perceive if someone were onboard the NASA - MESSENGER Spacecraft and then looked outside, towards the Surface of Mercury), by using an original technique created - and, in time, dramatically improved - by the Lunar Explorer Italia Team. Different colors, as well as different shades of the same color, mean, among other things, the existence of different Elements (Minerals) present on the Surface of Mercury, each having a different Albedo (---> Reflectivity) and Chemical Composition.MareKromium
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ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-Z-Pluto-Map.jpgA few names for the Main Features of Pluto76 visiteEcco i nomi di alcune delle aree e Regioni di maggior interesse di Plutone. Su molte, devo dire che la scelta é stata felice. Su qualcuna.... Beh, decidete Voi.
Alcyonia Lacus, a possible frozen Nitrogen Lake on Pluto's Surface, is named for the bottomless lake in or in the vicinity of Lerna, a region of Greece known for springs and swamps; the Alcyonian lake was one of the entrances to the underworld in Greek mythology.
Elcano Montes is a mountain range honoring Juan Sebastián Elcano (1476–1526), the Spanish explorer who in 1522 completed the first circumnavigation of the Earth (a voyage started in 1519 by Magellan).
Hunahpu Valles is a system of canyons named for one of the Hero Twins in Mayan mythology, who defeated the lords of the underworld in a ball game.
Khare crater honors planetary scientist Bishun Khare (1933–2013), an expert on the chemistry of planetary atmospheres who did laboratory work leading to several seminal papers on tholins – the organic molecules that probably account for the darkest and reddest regions on Pluto.
Kiladze crater honors Rolan Kiladze (1931–2010), the Georgian (Caucasus) astronomer who made pioneering early investigations the dynamics, astrometry and photometry of Pluto.
Lowell Regio is a large region honoring Percival Lowell (1855–1916), the American astronomer who founded Lowell Observatory and organized a systematic search for a planet beyond Neptune.
Mwindo Fossae is a network of long, narrow depressions named for the Nyanga (Eastern Dem. Rep. Congo/Zaire) epic hero who traveled to the Underworld and after returning home became a wise and powerful king.
Piccard Mons is Mountain and suspected Cryo-Volcano that honors Auguste Piccard (1884–1962), a 20th century inventor and physicist best known for his pioneering balloon flights into Earth's Upper Atmosphere.
Pigafetta Montes honors Antonio Pigafetta (c. 1491–c. 1531), the Italian scholar and explorer who chronicled the discoveries made during the first circumnavigation of the Earth, aboard Magellan's ships.
Piri Rupes is a long cliff honoring Ahmed Muhiddin Piri (c. 1470–1553), also known as Piri Reis, an Ottoman navigator and cartographer known for his world map. He also drew some of the earliest existing maps of North and Central America.
Simonelli Crater honors astronomer Damon Simonelli (1959–2004), whose wide-ranging research included the formation history of Pluto.
Wright Mons honors the Wright brothers, Orville (1871–1948) and Wilbur (1867–1912), American aviation pioneers credited with building and flying the world's first successful airplane.
Vega Terra is a large land mass named for the Soviet Vega 1 and 2 missions, the first Spacecraft to fly balloons on another planet (Venus) and to image the Nucleus of a Comet (1P/Halley).
Venera Terra is named for the Venera missions sent to Venus by the Soviet Union from 1961–1984; they included the first human-made device to enter the Atmosphere of another Planet, to make a soft landing over there and to return images from an alien planetary surface.MareKromium
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Dart-1.jpgGreat Balls of Fire! - 176 visiteAlle ore 01:14 del 26 Settembre 2022 la sonda Dart della NASA ha disintegrato un asteroide grande quanto il Colosseo a circa 11 MKM di distanza dalla Terra. E il satellite italiano Licia-Cube ha ripreso tutto. Ma non c'è stata nessuna diretta alla Armageddon. Gli scienziati hanno dovuto aspettare 3 (tre) ore prima di riprendere i contatti con il «computer di bordo». «Sono state le tre ore più lunghe della mia vita; - ci racconta David Avino, ceo di Argotec (Torino) che ha realizzato il mini-satellite per la missione NASA - il tempo non passava più. Poi sono arrivate le prime immagini ed è stata un'emozione indescrivibile. Tutt'ora ho talmente tanta adrenalina addosso che non sento nemmeno la stanchezza».
Già, perché dietro quelle immagini c'è un lavoro di anni e un team infinito di tecnici e ingegneri. Tutto racchiuso in una specie di drone spaziale, un satellite che misura appena 30 centimetri per 20 per 10. «Quando si va così lontano - spiega Avino - puoi studiare quanto vuoi ma sei sempre nello spazio profondo e può andare male qualsiasi cosa. Possono avvenire cose che non hai calcolato».
Cosa è successo nelle ore di silenzio, prima dell'impatto? È successo che di fatto ha guidato l'AI, l'intelligenza artificiale. Il software ha ricevuto i parametri ottimizzati in base alle sperimentazioni fatte in laboratorio. Il satellite LiciaCube ha iniziato a scattare fotografie da quattro minuti prima dell'impatto, viaggiando a una distanza di 50 chilometri e a una velocità di 7 chilometri al secondo. Poi ha puntato il suo obbiettivo e zac, ha ripreso perfettamente la scena in cui la sonda centra l'asteroide. Regia perfetta. Dall'impatto è scaturita una pioggia di polvere luminosa, come un flash, ben visibile in alcune delle 620 immagine riprese. Luminosa perché i massi e i detriti schizzati nello spazio dopo l'impatto hanno riflettuto la luce del sole, come se brillassero. Ora le immagini verranno studiate, fotogramma per fotogramma, per capire la natura dei materiali del meteorite.
E qualche soddisfazione più grande c'è del giorno della «missione compiuta» della prima prova di difesa planetaria? Quello in cui l'algoritmo progettato in ogni sua variabile funziona alla perfezione e anche di più?
Quello della sonda Dart è stato solo un test «Al momento tranquillizziamo tutti, possiamo dormire sonni tranquilli! - spiegano all'Agenzia Spaziale - Non c'è nessun rischio che un asteroide si diriga sulla terra. Ma ora sappiamo che, anche se dovesse mai capitare, siamo in grado di disintegrarlo».
«È un momento d'oro per le attività spaziali italiane, stiamo investendo tanto nello spazio e si vedono importanti ricadute in termini di missioni e anche di dialogo dell'Italia con i grandi player spaziali nel mondo» commenta il presidente dell'Asi, Giorgio Saccoccia.
Ieri è stato il giorno dei festeggiamenti. Perfino l'home page di Google ha dedicato alla missione l'animazione della pagina. E anche Thomas Zurbruchen, associate administrator for the Science mission directorate della Nasa, ha fatto i complimenti alla squadra italiana: «Ci siamo svegliati con un enorme successo, ed enorme successo è stato anche di Licia-Cube».
Caption NASA:"Could humanity deflect an asteroid headed for Earth? Yes. Deadly impacts from large asteroids have happened before in Earth's past, sometimes causing mass extinctions of life. To help protect our Earth from some potential future impacts, NASA tested a new planetary defense mechanism yesterday by crashing the robotic Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft into Dimorphos, a small asteroid spanning about 170-meters across" .
Nota: l'oggetto in primo piano è l'asteroide 65803 Didymos.MareKromium
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SOL0427-Perseverance.pngOne Day on Mars... - Sol 42776 visiteCaption NASA Originale:"NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired this image of the area in back of it using its onboard Rear Right Hazard Avoidance Camera. This image was acquired on May 3, 2022 (Sol 427) at the local mean solar time of 14:03:47".
MareKromium
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SOL3749-mars_nasa_gov_msl-raw-images_msss_03749_mhli_3749MH0008600001304041C00_DXXX-0.jpgLittle "Red Point": do you see it? - Sol 374976 visiteUn micro-dettaglio che mi è balzato agli occhi. Se non riuscite a vederlo, Vi rimando all'EDM che segue.MareKromium
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SOL3745-mars_nasa_gov_msl-raw-images_msss_03745_mcam_3745ML1036080171106534C00_DXXX.jpgLight Clouds over Hale - Sol 374576 visitenessun commentoMareKromium
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M-011-2.JPGM 11 - Open Star Cluster75 visite"...Ubique medius caelus est..."
(Petronio)
"...Il cielo splende su tutte le cose..."
Nota: a nostro parere, questa massima esprime, sia pure in maniera 'letteraria', il paradosso della "linea infinita" per il quale "ovunque tale linea si spezzi, quel punto è sempre il suo centro".
E così avviene per il Cielo: qualsiasi porzione di esso venga guardata - e senza che rilevi il punto da cui la si guarda -, essendo il Cielo infinito, è sempre la sua porzione "media", ossia centrale.
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NGC-1808-00.jpgNGC 1808 - Spiral Galaxy75 visite"...Nec quae praeteriit, iterum revocabitur unda,
Nec, quae praeteriit, hora redire potest..."
(Cicerone)
"...Non ci è possibile ricostruire un'onda, dopo che essa si è infranta, nè ci è dato rivivere un'ora, allorchè essa è passata..."
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Himalia from 4,4MKM.jpgHimalia from 4,4 MKM75 visiteCassini spacecraft captured images of Himalia, the brightest of Jupiter's outer moons, on Dec. 19, 2000, from a distance of 4,4 MKM.
This near-infrared image, with a resolution of about 27 Km (such as roughly 17 miles) per pixel, indicates that the side of Himalia facing the spacecraft is ,ore or less 160 Km (about 100 miles) in the up-down direction. Himalia probably has a non-spherical shape. Scientists believe it is a body captured into orbit around Jupiter, most likely an irregularly shaped asteroid. In the main frame, an arrow indicates Himalia. North is up. The inset shows the little moon magnified by a factor of 10, plus a graphic indicating Himalia's size and the direction of lighting (with sunlight coming from the left). Cassini's pictures of Himalia were taken during a brief period when Cassini's attitude was stabilized by thrusters instead of by a steadier reaction-wheel system. No spacecraft or telescope had previously shown any of Jupiter's outer moons as more than a "star-like" single dot.
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IO 7.jpgIo & Jupiter (from Voyager 2)75 visiteUn'immagine da guardare in parallelo ad un altro "transito" di Io davanti a Giove: questo è un frame (eccezionale!) Voyager 2; il precedente, come ricorderete, era un frame Cassini. Tecnologicamente parlando, c'è un "abisso" tra la Sonda Voyager e la Sonda Cassini ma, alla prova delle immagini, i risultati "visivi" ottenuti sono sostanzialmente analoghi. E questa è un'altra ragione della nostra diffidenza nei confronti della NASA (e dell'ESA): se negli Anni '70 ed '80 eravamo già capaci di simili risultati, come mai oggi, AD 2005, non siamo neppure in grado di dire quali sìano i veri colori e le vere (da un punto di vista dell'occhio umano) "sfumature" di Marte, Giove e Saturno? Eravamo bravissimi 25 anni fa e "stupidi" adesso, oppure non avevamo capito niente 25 anni fa mentre ora tutto e chiaro (si fa per dire)? O forse NON c'è stata reale "evoluzione" da un punto di vista tecnologico? O magari la "Verità" è così incredibile che divulgarla è ritenuto periglioso?
Domande: sempre domande...
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