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PIA12200.jpgRadar Mapping of Icy Layers Under Mars' North Pole54 visiteThis composite graphic illustrates the use of the Shallow Radar instrument on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter for mapping underground ice-rich layers of the North Polar Layered Deposits existing on the North Pole of Mars.
The picture on top of the image-composite, is a radargram from the instrument, showing a cross-section of Mars' North Polar Cap, based on time lags of radio-wave echoes returning from different layers.
The penetrating radar reveals icy layered deposits overlying a basal unit in some areas.
The vertical dimension in the cross section is exaggerated one-hundred-fold compared with the horizontal dimension. The vertical scale bar is one kilometer (3281 feet).
The horizontal scale bar is 100 Km (62 miles).
The Shallow Radar instrument was provided by the Italian Space Agency. Its operations are led by the University of Rome and its data are analyzed by a joint U.S.-Italian science team. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter for the NASA Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, is the prime contractor for the project and built the spacecraft. The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment is operated by the University of Arizona, Tucson, and the instrument was built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., Boulder, Colo.
MareKromium
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SHARAD-1.gifUnder the Ice... (1)54 visiteRadar Sounder Instruments orbiting Mars have looked beneath the Martian Surface and opened up the Third Dimension for Planetary Exploration.
The technique's success is prompting scientists to think of all the other places in the Solar System where they would like to use Radar Sounders.
The first Radar Sounder at Mars was the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding (MARSIS) on the European Space Agency's Mars Express Orbiter. It has been joined by the complementary Shallow Subsurface Radar (SHARAD), operating at a different wavelength aboard NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.
The data in this animation are from SHARAD.MareKromium
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SHARAD-2.jpgUnder the Ice... (2)78 visiteTwo complementary Radar Sounder Instruments work together to discover hidden Martian secrets. They are the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding (MARSIS) on the European Space Agency's Mars Express orbiter and the Shallow Subsurface Radar (SHARAD) on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.
MARSIS was designed to penetrate deep and it has delivered on its promise. This figure shows the base of Mars' South Polar Layered Deposits at the deepest recorded point of 3,7 Km (2,3 miles).
In contrast, SHARAD was designed as a High-Resolution Radar for a maximum penetration of 1 Km (0,6 mile) has difficulty detecting the base of these layered deposits.
MARSIS was funded by NASA and the Italian Space Agency and developed by the University of Rome, Italy, in partnership with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Italy provided the instrument's digital processing system and integrated the parts. The University of Iowa, Iowa City, built the transmitter for the instrument, JPL built the receiver and Astro Aerospace, Carpinteria, Calif., built the antenna. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. Additional information about Mars Express is at www.esa.int/marsexpress.
SHARAD was provided by the Italian Space Agency (ASI). Its operations are led by the University of Rome and its data are analyzed by a joint U.S.-Italian science team. JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, manages the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter for the NASA Science Mission Directorate, Washington.MareKromium
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