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ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-Pluto02-New_Horizons-1080-Annotated.jpgApproaching Pluto (RAW and Annotated Frame)71 visiteDa "NASA - Astronomy Picture of the Day" dell'11 Luglio 2015.
"Pluto is coming into focus. As the robotic New Horizons Spacecraft bears down on this unexplored world of the distant Solar System, new Features on its Surface are becoming evident.
In the displayed image, an unusual polygonal structure roughly 200 Km wide is visible on the left (Sx) while, just below it, a relatively complex Terrain runs diagonally across the "Dwarf Planet".
New Horizon's images and data on these structures will likely be studied for years to come in an effort to better understand the Geologic History of Pluto and our Solar System. After suffering a troublesome glitch last week, New Horizons will make its historic Fly-By of Pluto and its moons on Tuesday".
Tutto passato. Tutto ok. Ed il Viaggio continua.....MareKromiumOtt 24, 2019
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ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-Pluto_and_Charon-01-NewHorizons-1422.jpgSo close, and yet so far...75 visitenessun commentoMareKromiumOtt 23, 2019
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101955-Bennu-005.jpg101955 Bennu - What a World!!! (image-mosaic)84 visiteCaption NASA:"This mosaic image of Asteroid 101955 Bennu is composed of 12 PolyCam images collected on Dec. 2, 2018, by the OSIRIS-REx Spacecraft from a range of about 15 miles (such as a little more than 24 Km).
The image was obtained at a 50° Phase Angle (i.e.: the Angle formed by the Spacecraft, the Asteroid and the Sun) and 101955 Bennu spans approximately 1500 pixels in the camera’s field of view".MareKromiumOtt 22, 2019
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101955-Bennu-000.gif101955 Bennu - Full Rotation (GIF-Movie)72 visiteCaption NASA"This series of images taken by the OSIRIS-REx Spacecraft shows Asteroid 101955 Bennu in one full rotation from a distance of about 50 miles (such as approx. 80 Km).
The Spacecraft’s PolyCam Camera obtained the thirty-six 2,2-millisecond frames over a period of 4 hours and 18 minutes".MareKromiumOtt 22, 2019
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101955-Bennu-001.gif101955 Bennu - North Polar Rotation (GIF-Movie)67 visiteCaption NASA:"This series of MapCam images was taken over the course of about 4 hours and 19 minutes on Dec. 4, 2018, as OSIRIS-REx made its first pass over 101955 Bennu’s North Pole.
The images were captured as the Spacecraft was inbound toward 101955 Bennu, shortly before its closest approach of the Asteroid’s Pole.
As the Asteroid rotates and grows larger in the field of view, the range to the center of 101955 Bennu shrinks from about 7,1 to 5,8 miles (such as about 11,4 to 9,3 Km).
This first pass was one of the five Flyovers of 101955 Bennu’s Poles and Equator that OSIRIS-REx conducted during its Preliminary Survey of the Asteroid".MareKromiumOtt 22, 2019
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101955-Bennu-011.jpg101955 Bennu - Boulderland72 visiteCaption NASA:"An abundance of Boulders litters the Surface of the Asteroid 101955 Bennu in this dramatic close-up from the OSIRIS-REx Spacecraft.
Taken on March 28 from a distance of just 3,4 Km (approx. 2,1 miles) the field of view is about 50 meters across while the light colored boulder at top right is about 4,8 meters tall.
Likely a loose conglomerate rubble pile Asteroid, Bennu itself spans less than 500 meters. That's about the height of the Empire State Building.
Mapping the near Earth Asteroid since the Spacecraft's arrival in December of 2018, the OSIRIS-REx mission plans a TAG (Touch-and-Go) maneuver for July 2020 to sample Bennu's rugged Surface, returning the sample to planet Earth in September 2023. Citizen scientists have been invited to help choose the sample collection site". MareKromiumOtt 22, 2019
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101955-Bennu-North_Pole-010.png101955 Bennu - North Polar Terminator65 visiteCaption NASA:"This image shows a Region near asteroid Bennu’s North Pole on the Terminator Line (such as the line between the Asteroid’s day and night sides).
The OSIRIS-Rex Spacecraft’s MapCam camera obtained the image on Feb. 20, 2019 while in orbit around the Asteroid from a distance of approx. 1,1 miles (such as about 1,8 Km).
At this distance, each pixel covers approximately 4,5" (---> inches, such as about 12 cm) of 101955 Bennu’s Surface. The largest Boulder, located slightly left (Sx) of the center, measures around 52 feet (approx. 16 meters) across, which, for scale, is the length of the trailer on a semi-truck.
During the Mission’s Orbital Phase, OSIRIS-REx circled the Asteroid near 101955 Bennu’s Terminator Line. While this positioning helped to maintain the Spacecraft in a stable orbit, the half-light/half-dark view of it created challenging conditions for science imaging".MareKromiumOtt 22, 2019
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ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-Ultima_Thule_2-flyby.gifUltima Thule (Fly-By)72 visiteOriginal Caption:"Mission scientists created this "departure movie" from 14 different images taken by the New Horizons Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) shortly after the spacecraft flew past the Kuiper Belt object nicknamed Ultima Thule (officially named 2014 MU69) on Jan. 1, 2019".MareKromiumOtt 19, 2019
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ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-ZZ-Ultima_Thule_-_1.jpgUltima Thule97 visiteThe New Horizons team used the Hubble Space Telescope to search for its post-Pluto, Kuiper Belt flyby target. Using observations made with Hubble on June 26, 2014, the science team (led by co-investigator Marc Buie) discovered an object that New Horizons could reach with its available fuel. The object was subsequently designated 2014 MU69, given the minor planet number 485968 and, with public input, nicknamed "Ultima Thule" (which means "beyond the known world").
MU69 is located in the Kuiper Belt, beyond the orbit of Neptune. At 12:33 a.m. (EST) on January 1, 2019, New Horizons flew just 2,200 miles (3,500) kilometers from the object's surface, when it was about 4 billion miles (6.6 billion kilometers) from the Sun -- the most distant planetary flyby in history and the first close-up look at a solar system object of this type.
Ultima Thule is the first unquestionably primordial contact binary ever explored. Approach pictures hinted at a strange, snowman-like shape, but further analysis of images, taken near closest approach, uncovered just how unusual the KBO's shape really is. At 22 miles (35 kilometers) long, the binary consists of a large, flat lobe (nicknamed "Ultima") connected to a smaller, rounder lobe (nicknamed "Thule").
This strange shape was the biggest surprise of the flyby. Nothign like it has been anywhere in the solar system -- sending the planetary science community back to the drawing board to understand how planetesimals (the building blocks of the planets) form.
Because it is so well preserved, MU69 offered our clearest look back to the era of planetesimal accretion and the earliest stages of planetary formation. Apparently the two lobes once orbited each other, like many so-called binary worlds in the Kuiper Belt, until something brought them together in a "gentle" merger.
In color and composition, New Horizons data revealed that MU69 resembles many other objects found in its region of the Kuiper Belt. Consistent with pre-flyby observations from the Hubble Telescope, Ultima Thule is very red – redder even than Pluto, which New Horizons flew past on the inner edge of the Kuiper Belt in 2015 – and about the same color as many other so-called "cold classical" KBOs. ("Cold" referring not to temperature but to the circular, uninclined orbits of these objects; "classical" in that their orbits have changed little since forming, and represent a sample of the primordial Kuiper Belt.)
New Horizons scientists have also seen evidence for methanol, water ice and organic molecules on the surface -- a spectrum similar to some of the most extreme objects we've seen in the outer solar system.
Flyby data transmission continues, with all data expected on the ground by late summer 2020.MareKromiumOtt 08, 2019
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SOL660-2P184960775EFFAJB1P2400L7M1-1.jpgIs this a Rock? - Sol 660 (CTX Frame + EDM - credits for the Research: Ivana Tognoloni/LXTT/IPF)103 visiteI nostri commenti su questa "Roccia" - bizzarra, come minimo, al 100% - sono in caption all'EDM (il sub-frame che segue).MareKromiumDic 31, 2015
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SOL660-2P184960775EFFAJB1P2400L7M1-2.jpgIs this a Rock? - Sol 660 (EDM - credits for the Research: Ivana Tognoloni/LXTT/IPF)116 visiteChe dire, Amici? La NASA non l'ha MAI notata né indagata. E' una "Roccia"? certamente si, nel senso ampio del termine. Ma la sua configurazione e la differenza cromatica che ne caratterizza l'intera struttura ci fanno pensare a tante cose. Alcune assolutamente razionali, altre meno. Si, è un "Roccia". Ma bizzarra, di forma, texture e colori davvero bizzarri. E lo sapete qual è il vero "peccato" qui? E' nel fatto che, se non ci fossimo stati noi (Ivana Tognoloni in particolare), essa sarebbe passata totalmente inosservata ed ignorata. Marte, la Regione di Gusev Crater, è sempre stata ricca di Anomalie e Singolarità. Questa è una delle mille (e più) che NOI e SOLO NOI siamo stati capaci di vedere ed "estrarre" dal Mare Magnum delle scemenze che caratterizzano la quasi totalità di Siti e Blog che si "occupano" (si fa per dire...) di Marte e dello Spazio a noi - sempre relativamente parlando - "conosciuto. Un Grazie di Cuore ad Ivana e Buon Anno!MareKromiumDic 31, 2015
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Enceladus-PIA18328-PCF-LXTT-IPF.jpgIn the Saturnshine... (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga/Lunar Explorer Italia/Italian Planetary Foundation)127 visiteThe Saturnian moon Enceladus looks as if it is half lit by Sunlight in this view from the NASA - Cassini Spacecraft; but looks, as you know, can be (as they often are) deceiving.
In fact, the kind of pinkish area of Enceladus visible on the right (Dx) of the frame, where MANY Surface Features can be made out (---> seen/identified), is actually illuminated by the light reflected off of Saturn (such as the so-called "Saturnshine"). On the other hand, a sliver of the Enceladian Surface that is actually illuminated by direct Sunlight is visible - and also highly overexposed! - on the left (Sx) of the picture. Images like this one are designed to capture the extended Plumes of Icy Materials spraying from huge cracks located the moon's South Polar Region. Such images need to be taken with the NASA - Cassini Spacecraft looking toward the Icy moon's Night Side, since the small particles that form the Plumes (however, just barely visible in this picture) are most easily seen when backlit by the Sun.
This view looks toward the Leading Hemisphere of Enceladus; North is up. The image was taken in Visible Light with the NASA - Cassini Spacecraft's Narrow-Angle Camera on May 10, 2015. Enceladus is roughly 313 miles (such as about 503,72 Km) across. The view was acquired at a distance of approximately 226.000 miles (such as approx. 363.7210,84 Km) from Enceladus and at a Sun-Enceladus-Cassini Spacecraft, or Phase, Angle of 152°. Image scale is roughly 1,4 miles (about 2,2530 Km) per pixel.
This frame (which is an Original NASA - CASSINI Spacecraft's b/w and NON Map-Projected image published on the NASA - Planetary Photojournal with the ID n. PIA 18328) has been additionally processed, contrast enhanced, magnified, in order to allow the vision of the slightest details of the Surface, Gamma corrected and then re-colorized - according to an educated guess (or, if you wish, an informed speculation) carried out by Dr Paolo C. Fienga - in Absolute Natural Colors (such as the colors that a human eye would actually perceive if someone were onboard the NASA - Cassini Spacecraft and then looked outside, toward the Saturnian moon "Enceladus"), by using an original technique created - and, in time, dramatically improved - by the Lunar Explorer Italia Team. Different colors, as well as different shades of the same color, mean, among other things, the existence of different Elements (Minerals) present on the Surface of Enceladus, each having a different Albedo (---> Reflectivity) and Chemical Composition.
Note: it is possible (but we, as IPF, have no way to be one-hundred-percent sure of such a circumstance), that the actual luminosity of Enceladus - as it is in this frame - would appear, to an average human eye, a little bit lower than it has been shown (or, better yet: interpreted) here.MareKromiumSet 24, 2015
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