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Tachyons-2.gifHow to contact "Them"? Tachyon Signal (2)217 visite"Causality" is a fundamental Principle of Physics. If Tachyons can transmit information faster than Light then, according to General Relativity, they should violate the Law of Causality, leading to logical Paradoxes of the "kill your own grandfather" type. This is often illustrated with thought experiments such as the "Tachyon Telephone Paradox" or "Logically Pernicious self-Inhibitor."
The problem can be understood (note: really?) in terms of the Relativity of simultaneity in the Special Relativity Theory, which says that different "inertial reference frames" will disagree on whether two events at different locations happened "at the same time" or not, and they can also disagree on the order of the two events (technically, these disagreements occur when the spacetime interval between the events is "space-like", meaning that neither event lies in the future Light Cone of the other). If one of the two events represents the sending of a signal from one location and the second event represents the reception of the same signal at another location, then as long as the signal is moving at the Speed of lLght or slower, the Mathematics of Simultaneity ensures that all reference frames agree that the transmission-event happened before the reception-event.
However, in the case of a hypothetical signal moving faster than light, there would always be some frames in which the signal was received BEFORE it was sent, so that the signal could be said to have moved backward in time.
Because one of the two fundamental postulates of Special Relativity says that the Laws of Physics should work the same way in every Inertial Frame, if it is possible for signals to move backward in time in any one frame, it must be possible (that they move backward) in all frames. This means that if observer "A" sends a signal to observer "B" which moves faster than light in "A'"s frame but backwards in time in "B'"s frame, and then "B" sends a reply which moves faster than light in "B"'s frame but backwards in time in "A"'s frame, it could work out that "A" receives the reply before sending the original signal, challenging Causality in every frame and opening the door to severe Logical Paradoxes.MareKromium01/12/22 at 17:47Paolo C. Fienga: Si Anakin. Quegli "altri" con i quali, s...
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Tachyons-2.gifHow to contact "Them"? Tachyon Signal (2)217 visite"Causality" is a fundamental Principle of Physics. If Tachyons can transmit information faster than Light then, according to General Relativity, they should violate the Law of Causality, leading to logical Paradoxes of the "kill your own grandfather" type. This is often illustrated with thought experiments such as the "Tachyon Telephone Paradox" or "Logically Pernicious self-Inhibitor."
The problem can be understood (note: really?) in terms of the Relativity of simultaneity in the Special Relativity Theory, which says that different "inertial reference frames" will disagree on whether two events at different locations happened "at the same time" or not, and they can also disagree on the order of the two events (technically, these disagreements occur when the spacetime interval between the events is "space-like", meaning that neither event lies in the future Light Cone of the other). If one of the two events represents the sending of a signal from one location and the second event represents the reception of the same signal at another location, then as long as the signal is moving at the Speed of lLght or slower, the Mathematics of Simultaneity ensures that all reference frames agree that the transmission-event happened before the reception-event.
However, in the case of a hypothetical signal moving faster than light, there would always be some frames in which the signal was received BEFORE it was sent, so that the signal could be said to have moved backward in time.
Because one of the two fundamental postulates of Special Relativity says that the Laws of Physics should work the same way in every Inertial Frame, if it is possible for signals to move backward in time in any one frame, it must be possible (that they move backward) in all frames. This means that if observer "A" sends a signal to observer "B" which moves faster than light in "A'"s frame but backwards in time in "B'"s frame, and then "B" sends a reply which moves faster than light in "B"'s frame but backwards in time in "A"'s frame, it could work out that "A" receives the reply before sending the original signal, challenging Causality in every frame and opening the door to severe Logical Paradoxes.MareKromium01/08/22 at 18:51Anakin: Noi siamo di nicchia Paolo, oltre ogni ragionevole...
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SOL2255-1.jpgSol 2255 - A Truly Beautiful Panorama (credits for the additional process. and color: Marco Faccin ed Elisabetta Bonora)138 visitenessun commentoMareKromium01/08/22 at 18:49Anakin: Beh credo che questa sia assolutamente vicina all ...
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SOL1083-2P222482431EFFASCGP2749R7M1.jpgImage-Artifacts and a (candidate) "Shooting Star"?!? - Sol 1083144 visiteSe ne sono dette tante (e scritte anche di più...), ma la Verità è ancora elusiva, più che mai: il dettaglio cerchiato in questo frame è un semplice image-artifact o si tratta di qualcosa di diverso?
Certo, "quelli che sanno" diranno subito che si tratta di un difetto dell'immagine e, forse, costoro avranno anche ragione...Ma la similitudine (o somiglianza, se Vi piace di più) fra questo "candidate image-artifact/shooting star" ed una "striscia nel cielo" che ha fatto e fa ancora discutere davvero tantissimo, anche alla NASA (era nel cielo di Marte sempre dalla parte di Spirit - che allora si stava avvicinando al Cratere Bonneville), c'è ed è evidente.
E' il segno visibile di un "bolide", come dissero alla NASA ipotizzando anche la natura "artificiale" del bolide stesso - forse la Sonda Viking Orbiter 2 che, entrata in crisi orbitale, abbandonò la sua quieta orbita per precipitare e quindi incenerirsi (come una stella cadente) negli strati superiori dell'atmosfera Marziana?
E' solo una sonda (una delle tante che ruotano attorno a Marte...) in semplice transito?
E' un O.V.N.I.?
O forse - ed infine - è un mero difetto del frame?...
Decidetelo Voi, naturalmente.
Noi una certa idea ce la siamo fatta ma - come si dice? - "non vogliamo condizionare i Lettori con le nostre speculazioni"...01/08/22 at 18:48Anakin: Quante belle anomalie in questa immagine. Io credo...
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OPP-SOL668-1P187478592EFF64KCP2295L1M1.jpgDark, unusual, recent: a new crater "in the sands"?!? - Sol 668141 visiteOriginal caption:"Left Pan-Cam Non-linearized Full frame EDR acquired on Sol 668 of Opportunity's mission to Meridiani Planum at approx. 09:38:39 MLT.
Camera commanded to use Filter 1 (739 nm)".01/08/22 at 18:46Anakin: Quello che vediamo, non ? un desertro e quindi una...
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PSP_007726_2565_RED_abrowse-PCF-LXTT-IPF.jpgNorthern Dunes (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga/Lunar Explorer Italia/Italian Planetary Foundation)110 visiteThis NASA - Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter "HiRISE" image shows a portion of a Dunefield where many large "Barchan" (meaning "Crescent-shaped"), a few "Barchanoid" (meaning a "Non uniformly Crescent-shaped") and some smaller Dome-shaped Sand Dunes can be seen. The Dunefield that contains all these types of Sand Dunes is located in the Northern Regions of Mars and in a specific place where the first significant changes occurring to Sand Dunes was reported on the Red Planet (in the AD 2008). That study made by Dr Bourke (et al.) used a time series of NASA - Mars Global Surveyor (MGS), Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) images taken over a period of 3 Martian Years (which are equivalent to 6 Earth Years) and showed that 2 (two) approx. 20 meter-wide Dome Dunes disappeared while a third one shrank by an estimated 15%.
Now, the HiRISE image here confirms that the first two Sand Dune studied by Dr Bourke no longer exist but, interestingly, it also suggests that the Sediment removal is still ongoing, since the third Dune has dramatically reduced its volume. On the other hand, it must be noticed and underlined that this "Dune-Changing Process" does not occur in a uniform and generalized way (at least in this specific location), since many of the other large Dunes present in the Dunefield do not show any (apparent/obvious) change; however, more time and some more precise measurements (fit to display evidence of the occurrence of an actual change of the larger Dunes, either in their shape, or their position) are needed in order to achieve a more substantiated conclusion.
In addition to that, we should also consider that it is even possible that the stability of all the other larger Dunes present in the Dunefield might be caused by the circumstance that the Sediment existing inside them is now (let us say "at present time"...) unavailable for removal, due to Induration (meaning that said Sediment became too hard to be blown away by just a simple, even though quite strong sometime, Aeolian Action, but in a future - maybe as a consequence of a dramatic variation in the Surface Temperature of this Region of Mars - its physical conditions could change again, and therefore make it fit to be remodeled, removed or, maybe, totally dispersed).
In the end, the change observed in the small Dome-shaped Dunes indicates, once and for all, that certainly not all Dunes on Mars are effectively and permanently stabilized and immobile, as it was erroneously believed for a long time.
Mars Local Time: 14:10 (Early Afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 76,182° North Lat. and 95,300° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 318,0 Km (such as about 198,8 miles)
Original image scale range: 63,6 cm/pixel (with 2 x 2 binning) so objects ~ 1 mt and 91 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 50 cm/pixel
Map projection: POLAR STEREOGRAPHIC
Emission Angle: 2,8°
Phase Angle: 62,5°
Solar Incidence Angle: 60° (meaning that the Sun was about 30° above the Local Horizon at the time the picture was taken)
Solar Longitude: 47,6° (Northern Spring- Southern Autumn)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer Italia
This picture (which is a NASA - Original Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter EDM color frame identified by the serial n. PSP_007726_2565) has been additionally processed and then colorized in Absolute Natural Colors (such as the colors that a human eye would actually perceive if someone were onboard the NASA - Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and then looked down, towards the Surface of Mars), by using an original technique created - and, in time, dramatically improved - by the Lunar Explorer Italia Team.MareKromium01/08/22 at 18:44Anakin: Le immagini e le elaborazioni di Lunexit non si ba...
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OPP-SOL1329-1N246187052EDN8788P1550L0M1.jpgDark Sunset - Sol 1329 (MULTISPECTRUM; credits: Lunexit)61 visitenessun commentoMareKromium01/05/22 at 17:39Paolo C. Fienga: Idem come nel commento precedente.
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OPP-SOL1329-1N246175987EFF8788P0775L0M1.jpgThe "Light-Drop" effect - Sol 1329 (red-orange filter ON - possible natural colors; elab. Lunexit)57 visitenessun commentoMareKromium01/05/22 at 17:39Paolo C. Fienga: Un altro caso classico di "barra luminosa da ...
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OPP-SOL668-1P187478592EFF64KCP2295L1M1.jpgDark, unusual, recent: a new crater "in the sands"?!? - Sol 668141 visiteOriginal caption:"Left Pan-Cam Non-linearized Full frame EDR acquired on Sol 668 of Opportunity's mission to Meridiani Planum at approx. 09:38:39 MLT.
Camera commanded to use Filter 1 (739 nm)".01/05/22 at 17:37Paolo C. Fienga: L'ho pensato anch'io ma...l'area di Me...
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Martian_Sunset.jpgTwilights153 visitenessun commentoMareKromium01/05/22 at 17:34Paolo C. Fienga: Si, direi di si. E poi contraddice completamente q...
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11-Earth and Moon.jpgCrescent Earth and a partly illuminated far-side of the Moon from Lunar Orbiter 4197 visiteCaption NASA originale:"Lunar Orbiter 4 photograph showing a crescent Earth and partly illuminated Moon. The lunar sunset terminator is at 140° E and runs through the large dark-floored crater Tsiolkovsky, about 240 Km diameter towards the bottom of the Moon. The part of the Moon visible in this image is the western far side. North is at 1:00. The frame has been turned upside down to give the correct orientation (Lunar Orbiter 4, frame M-123)".
Location & Time Information
Date/Time (UT): 1967-05-19 T 23:27:54
Distance/Range (km): 6151
Central Latitude/Longitude (deg): +1.13/168.3801/05/22 at 17:33Paolo C. Fienga: Grazie, anche a Te.
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SOL1083-2P222482431EFFASCGP2749R7M1.jpgImage-Artifacts and a (candidate) "Shooting Star"?!? - Sol 1083144 visiteSe ne sono dette tante (e scritte anche di più...), ma la Verità è ancora elusiva, più che mai: il dettaglio cerchiato in questo frame è un semplice image-artifact o si tratta di qualcosa di diverso?
Certo, "quelli che sanno" diranno subito che si tratta di un difetto dell'immagine e, forse, costoro avranno anche ragione...Ma la similitudine (o somiglianza, se Vi piace di più) fra questo "candidate image-artifact/shooting star" ed una "striscia nel cielo" che ha fatto e fa ancora discutere davvero tantissimo, anche alla NASA (era nel cielo di Marte sempre dalla parte di Spirit - che allora si stava avvicinando al Cratere Bonneville), c'è ed è evidente.
E' il segno visibile di un "bolide", come dissero alla NASA ipotizzando anche la natura "artificiale" del bolide stesso - forse la Sonda Viking Orbiter 2 che, entrata in crisi orbitale, abbandonò la sua quieta orbita per precipitare e quindi incenerirsi (come una stella cadente) negli strati superiori dell'atmosfera Marziana?
E' solo una sonda (una delle tante che ruotano attorno a Marte...) in semplice transito?
E' un O.V.N.I.?
O forse - ed infine - è un mero difetto del frame?...
Decidetelo Voi, naturalmente.
Noi una certa idea ce la siamo fatta ma - come si dice? - "non vogliamo condizionare i Lettori con le nostre speculazioni"...01/05/22 at 17:32Paolo C. Fienga: Grazie a Tutti! paolo
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