| Piú viste - Mars through the eyes of Soujourner-Pathfinder |
SOU-SOL001-80816_full.jpgColor Panorama: Sol 1175 visiteLanding on surface of Mars in Ares Vallis. Transmitter turned off shortly after landing to save power. After touchdown, the following sequence occurs: 1) Lander bounces and rolls to a stop 2) Airbags deflate and are retracted up against the petals 3) Petals open.
These events of the entry, descent and landing phase are complete between 11:32 a.m. and 12:33 p.m. PDT. A semaphore signaling the end of this phase is received via the Lander's Low-Gain Antenna.
At 2 p.m. PDT Sunrise at the Landing Site occurs. Operations begin for Sol 1 (note: Sol is a Mars day, --> such as 24 h and about 40').
The transmitter is turned on and the Spacecraft signals Earth through the Low-Gain Antenna. This communications session will contain telemetry from all engineering subsystems including the Rover and the first science data about the atmosphere taken during descent. Carrier is received at 1:55 p.m. PDT; following ground processing, actual first information are received by flight controllers at approx. 2:09 p.m. PDT.
Original caption:"In this image from the Pathfinder IMP camera, a wide diversity of rocks are strewn in the foreground. A (small) hill is visible in the distance (note: the notch within the hill is an image artifact). Airbags are seen at the lower right".
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SOU-SOL027-82358_full.jpg"Highly Reflective Surface Feature" - Sol 27 (MULTISPECTRUM; credits: Lunexit)161 visiteIl Prof. Hoagland, a proposito di questo "rilievo superficiale ad elevata riflettenza", parl di "Cristal Remnant". O, se Vi piace di pi, di "prova" (sic!) dell'esistenza di "rovine artificiali" nei pressi del Landing Site della Sonda Soujourner-Pathfinder.
Noi, che siamo un pizzico pi razionali (e meno - commercialmente - motivati...), Vi diciamo che questo rilievo ad "elevata riflettenza" , effettivamente, curioso (tanto curioso che pure gli Amici di Pasadena lo hanno fotografato pi volte...). Ma da qui a fare le speculazioni (assurde) di Hoagland... ce ne passa!
Diciamo che si tratta di qualcosa di "strano" e di "intrigante". Forse (davvero) un grosso cristallo (?). Forse l'Heat-Shield di Soujourner-Pathfinder (la Back-Shell, gi individuata, molto vicina al luogo di Landing della Sonda).
O forse non nulla di tutto ci (magari - chiss... - un "qualcosa di non locale"...).
La Verit, si sa, va "guadagnata". Non la si pu "divinare", anche se - qualche volta - la si pu intuire.
Noi suggeriamo di guardare con "occhi chiari" e "mente open" quello che i frames ci mostrano. Guardare, studiare, ipotizzare (possibilmente senza "sparare a caso"...) e poi...E poi attendere.
Il resto, le risposte - se risposte ci saranno - nelle mani del Futuro.MareKromium
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SOU-SOL002-80839_1full.jpgMars Panorama: photomosaic - Sol 1158 visiteGiunzioni fatte male, parte del frame predisposto per la visione anaglifica (3D) - alla Vostra Sx - ed incredibili errori nel montaggio dei diversi pezzi dell'immagine complessiva: fretta o totale incompetenza? Sia nell'uno che nell'altro caso, la NASA - in situazioni come questa - inescusabile!
Caption originale:"The Sojourner rover and undeployed ramps onboard the Mars Pathfinder spacecraft can be seen in this image, by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) on July 4 (Sol 1). This image has been corrected for the curvature created by parallax. The microrover Sojourner is latched to the petal, and has not yet been deployed. The ramps are a pair of deployable metal reels which will provide a track for the rover as it slowly rolls off the lander, over the spacecraft's deflated airbags, and onto the surface of Mars. Pathfinder scientists will use this image to determine whether it is safe to deploy the ramps. One or both of the ramps will be unfurled, and then scientists will decide whether the rover will use either the forward or backward ramp for its descent".
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SOU-SOL001-80813_full.jpgColor Panorama: Sol 1154 visiteView of martian surface taken by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP), the camera on board the Mars Pathfinder lander. This image was taken in mid-morning on Mars (2:30 PM Pacific Daylight Time, July 4, 1997). Part of the small rover, Sojourner, is visible on the left side of the picture. The tan cylinder to the right of the rover is one of two rolled-up ramps by which the rover will descend to the ground. The white, billowy material in the center of the picture is part of the airbag system. Many rocks of different shapes and sizes are visible between the lander and the horizon. Two hills are visible on the horizon. The notch on the left side of the leftmost conical hill is an artifact of the processing of this picture.
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SOU-SOL003-80893_full.jpgAres Vallis' Horizon and Pathfinder - Sol 2151 visiteOriginal caption:"Taken on July 5, this image shows portions of the high gain antenna, a petal and the retracted airbags. Geologists are eager to examine the rocks of the Ares Vallis terrain. As predicted, the landing site has provided a grab bag of diverse rock types and sizes".
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SOU-SOL003-80894_full.jpgHuge rocks around Pathfinder - Sol 2151 visiteOriginal caption:"This image was taken on July 5 by the IMP camera. The flat, table-like rock appears to be covered with dust and it also displays many interesting linear features.
The large rocks in the background are intriguing because of their impressive textures".
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TwinPeaks-D2C5C704221649DA95A703AC21E25B98@GENESIS.gifSouth Peak... (GIF-Movie; credits: Dr A. Feltri)149 visiteUn intrigante GIF-Movie, creato dal Dr Alessio Feltri, il quale ci mostra una delle collinette che tanto hanno intrigato Hoagland e la sua "Scuola". Il titolo pi appropriato per questo filmato? "Come sembra, come "!MareKromium
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SOU-SOL008-PIA01004.jpgDeflated Airbags and Skyline - Soles 8, 9 and 10 (Natural Colors; credits: NASA/JPL)146 visiteCaption NASA originale:"This is a sub-section of the geometrically improved and color enhanced version of the 360 panorama known as the "Gallery Pan", the first contiguous, uniform panorama taken by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) over the course of Soles 8, 9 and 10. Different regions were imaged at different times over the 3 Martian days to acquire consistent lighting and shadow conditions for all areas of the panorama.
The IMP is a stereo imaging system that, in its fully deployed configuration, stands 1,8 mt above the Martian surface and has a resolution of 2 mm at a range of 2 mt. In this geometrically improved version of the panorama, distortion due to a 2,5 tilt in the IMP camera mast has been removed, effectively flattening the horizon. The IMP has color capability provided by 24 selectable filters -- twelve filters per "eye". Its red, green, and blue filters were used to take this image. The color was digitally balanced according to the color transmittance capability of a high-resolution TV at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and is dependent on that device. In this color enhanced version of the panorama, detail in surface features are brought out via changes to saturation and intensity, holding the original hue constant. A threshold was applied to avoid changes to the sky".
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SOU-SOL039-4.jpgLIARS!!!146 visiteQuesta la sovrapposizione dei frames (1) e (3): l'immagine in verde-azzurro (dice la NASA) rappresenta il cielo del mattino ad Est, a 30 di altezza sull'orizzonte; l'immagine in rosso/rosa, invece - e sempre a detta della NASA - rappresenterebbe nuvole che si trovano ad un'altezza di 10 sull'orizzonte. La sovrapposizione ci mostra, inequivocabilmente, che i frames (1) e (3) sono, in realt, lo stesso frame. Solo che il frame (1) stato originariamente capovolto (dalla NASA) e "passato" sotto il filtro rosso.
Che tristezza. E comunque, dato che noi non pretendiamo che ci crediate sulla parola, andate a vedere Voi stessi: per il frame in versione rosa-rossa l'indirizzo :
http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/MPF/ops/sol54.html;
per il frame in verde-azzurro, invece, l'indirizzo :
http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/MPF/ops/sol45-46.html.
Noi non siamo Scienziati, ma non siamo neppure dei poveri fessi...
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SOU-SOL039-3-DD.jpgIce-clouds from Soujourner Site - Sol 39 (Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Don Davis)144 visiteHigh altitude clouds loom above the dusty morning twilight.
Note: on Mars the 'Raleigh scattering' - which colors our sky blue - is greatly diminished by the low atmospheric pressure.
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SOU-SOL001-80817_full.jpgColor Panorama: Sol 1141 visiteOriginal caption:"This picture from Mars Pathfinder was taken at 9:30 AM in the martian morning or MLT (such as 14:30 PDT --> Pacific Daylight Time), after the Spacecraft landed on July 4, 1997. The picture shows the Sojourner Rover perched on 1 of 3 solar panels. The (mini)Rover is 65 cm (about 26") long by 18 cm (7") tall; each of its wheels is about 13 cm (5") high. The white material to the left of the front of the Rover is part of the airbag system used to cushion the landing.
Many rocks of different of different sizes can be seen in a background of reddish soil. The landing site is in the mouth of an ancient channel carved by water. The rocks may be primarily flood debris. The horizon is seen towards the top of the picture. The light brown hue of the sky results from suspended dust".
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SOU-SOL001-80815_full.jpgColor Panorama: Sol 1138 visitePathfinder enters the upper atmosphere of Mars at 10:02 PDT and at a velocity of approx. 26.500 Km/hour and begins the sequence of events that will land the Spacecraft on the surface. From this point on, the only likely signal from the Spacecraft will be the carrier wave, a single frequency radio wave. The shifting frequency of the carrier, know as the "Doppler shift", will provide an indication of the decelerations occurring during entry and parachute deployment. The Spacecraft is also designed to send back a frequency-keyed signal following certain key events (this signal is called a "semaphore"). The semaphore is very weak and is not expected to be received in real time. However, careful analysis after-the-fact of the broad frequency spectrum recording of the radio signal will give the Operations Team considerable information on how events unfolded during the rapid descent to the surface.
Entry, descent and landing (EDL) takes approximately 4,5' and follows the sequence below:
Spacecraft rapidly decelerates in the atmosphere using the heatshield
Parachute deploys
Heat shield separates
Lander releases from backshell, descends on bridle
Radar altimeter returns information on altitude
Airbags inflate
Rocket-assisted deceleration (RAD) engines fire
Bridle cable is cut
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