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Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)
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ESP_011277_1825_RED_abrowse.jpgUnnamed Crater with Layers in Meridiani Planum (Natural Colors; credits: Lunar Explorer Italia)69 visiteMars Local Time: 15:47 (middle afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 2,2° North Lat. and 357,5° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 270,8 Km (such as about 169,2 miles)
Original image scale range: 27,1 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~81 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 25 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 3,9°
Phase Angle: 60,7°
Solar Incidence Angle: 57° (meaning that the Sun is about 33° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 178,0° (Northern Summer)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011287_2165_RED_abrowse.jpgFresh Impact Crater in Utopia Planitia (Natural Colors; credits: Lunar Explorer Italia)56 visiteThis fresh Unnamed Crater is located in the Northern Mid-Latitudes. It is designated as fresh because of its very sharp rim.
The Crater has experienced some modification since it formed, including a few tiny craters on the South Wall.
The rough texture of the floor is suggestive of ground ice, which is expected to exist in the Mid-Latitudes. Ground ice aids gravity in moving material from the Crater Walls towards the center. Material is visible slumping off the North-Western Crater Wall in this fashion. The wavy texture of the center of the Crater floor suggests that material has been transported from the walls and merged in the center.
Mars Local Time: 15:42 (middle afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 36,0° North Lat. and 80,5° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 292,7 Km (such as about 182,9 miles)
Original image scale range: 58,6 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~1,76 mt across are resolved
Map projected scale: 50 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 2,9°
Phase Angle: 59,7°
Solar Incidence Angle: 62° (meaning that the Sun is about 28° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 178,5° (Northern Summer)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011289_1950_RED_abrowse.jpgMeander and Tributaries in Scamander Vallis (Enhanced Natural Colors; credits: Lunar Explorer Italia)53 visiteMars Local Time: 15:48 (middle afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 14,6° North Lat. and 29,1° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 278,2 Km (such as about 173,9 miles)
Original image scale range: 55,7 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~1,67 mt across are resolved
Map projected scale: 50 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 5,7°
Phase Angle: 52,4°
Solar Incidence Angle: 58° (meaning that the Sun is about 32° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 178,5° (Northern Summer)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011290_1800_RED_abrowse.jpgFresh Crater Chain in Meridiani Planum (Natural Colors; credits: Lunar Explorer Italia)69 visiteMars Local Time: 15:47 (middle afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 0,0° Lat. and 2,6° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 271,1 Km (such as about 169,4 miles)
Original image scale range: 27,1 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~ 81 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 25 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 7,3°
Phase Angle: 64,0°
Solar Incidence Angle: 57° (meaning that the Sun is about 33° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 178,6° (Northern Summer)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011292_1720_RED_abrowse.jpgLayering at Ganges Chasma (possible Natural Colors; credits: Lunar Explorer Italia)56 visiteMars Local Time: 15:42 (middle afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 8,1° South Lat. and 307,5° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 258,6 Km (such as about 161,6 miles)
Original image scale range: 28,7 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~86 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 25 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 25,4°
Phase Angle: 81,1°
Solar Incidence Angle: 56° (meaning that the Sun is about 34° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 178,7° (Northern Autumn)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011331_1560_RED_abrowse.jpgTerrain in Eberswalde Crater (possible Natural Colors; credits: Lunar Explorer Italia)53 visiteMars Local Time: 15:54 (middle afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 23,9° South Lat. and 326,8° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 258,6 Km (such as about 161,6 miles)
Original image scale range: 25,9 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~78 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 25 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 1,3°
Phase Angle: 60,3°
Solar Incidence Angle: 61° (meaning that the Sun is about 29° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 180,4° (Northern Autumn)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011337_2360-PCF-LXTT.jpgUnnamed Fresh Northern Crater (CTX in Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team - Inset: credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech-Univ. of Arizona)212 visiteMars Local Time: 15:29 (Early Afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 55,6° North Lat. and 150,6° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 311,4 Km (such as about 194,6 miles)
Original image scale range: 31,3 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~ 93 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 25 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 7,7°
Sun-Mars-Spacecraft (or "Phase") Angle: 77,2°
Solar Incidence Angle: 70° (meaning that the Sun is about 20° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 180,6° (Northern Fall)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011341_0980_RED_abrowse.jpgStarburst Fans, or: the Arthur Clarke Trees (Natural Colors; credits: Lunar Explorer Italia)75 visiteQuante volte, su Siti (fanta/pseudo) Scientifici avete visto e letto degli "Alberi Marziani" (che sono anche - e meglio - noti al Pubblico come "Arthur Clarke Trees", in omaggio al Creatore della Saga di "2001 - Odissea nello Spazio")?
Sicuramente tante volte.
Oggi (in realtà esistevano già altre riprese sufficientemente chiare, ma facciamo finta che non lo fossero...), grazie a questa splendida immagine ottenuta dalla Sonda MRO, il "mistero" degli Alberi Marziani possiamo dire che è definitivamente risolto (anche se, a nostro avviso, queste Surface Features non erano mai state un VERO mistero): si tratta di Fans a forma di "stella che esplode".
E come si sono generati questi Fans (---sbuffi)? Ce lo spiega la NASA stessa:"During the Martian Winter a layer of Carbon Dioxide Ice (CO2, or Dry Ice) forms a seasonal cap over the South Polar Region. In the Spring — when the Sun starts to warm the ice and the surface below — gas escapes from beneath the ice layer, carrying dust with it.
The dust is deposited on top of the ice in Fans, with an orientation determined by the prevailing wind direction. In this Region, the gas flows along radial channels, so that when it emerges we see a circular set of Dust Fans. These inspire the “starburst” description".
La "morale" è sempre la stessa: i Misteri - su Marte e nel resto di Sistema Solare e del Cosmo - ci sono, esistono e sono grandi ed affascinanti.
Non serve quindi "inventarne" di sana pianta (se non per consentire a qualcuno di mettersi soldi e facile notorietà in tasca): basta osservare, studiare ed infine - credeteci - di motivi per sognare e per comprendere che "non siamo soli", ne troverete a milioni.
"Piramidi", "Sfingi" e "Parabole"? NO, grazie!
Mars Local Time: 17:06 (middle afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 81,8° South Lat. and 76,1° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 246,9 Km (such as about 154,3 miles)
Original image scale range: 49,4 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~1,48 mt across are resolved
Map projected scale: 50 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 0,2°
Phase Angle: 88,0°
Solar Incidence Angle: 88° (meaning that the Sun is about 2° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 180,8° (Northern Autumn)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011345_0950_RED_abrowse.jpgSmall Fan-like Surface Features on the South Polar Perennial Cap (Natural Colors; credits: Lunar Explorer Italia)53 visiteMars Local Time: 17:54 (late afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 84,8° South Lat. and 339,3° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 247,7 Km (such as about 154,8 miles)
Original image scale range: 99,1 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~ 2,97 mt across are resolved
Map projected scale: 1 mt/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 0,9°
Phase Angle: 88,7°
Solar Incidence Angle: 89° (meaning that the Sun is about 1° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 181,0° (Northern Autumn)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011351_0945_RED_abrowse.jpgFans on Ice (Natural Colors; credits: Lunar Explorer Italia)53 visiteEvery Southern Winter the South Polar Region of Mars is covered with an approximately 1 meter deep layer of frozen CO2 (dry ice). In the Spring, when the Sun begins to warm the surface below the translucent ice, gas flow under the ice carries loose dust from the surface up onto the top.
The dust falls to the surface in "Fans", whose orientation is determined by the direction of the local wind flow. Fans from one source region pointing in multiple directions show how the wind direction has changed. Narrow Fans pointing in just one direction are the most recent. Alternatively, the vent from the surface may have re-annealed, such that these Fans were formed over a very limited time span.
Mars Local Time: 18:19 (sunset - early evening)
Coord. (centered): 85,2° South Lat. and 181,6° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 247,4 Km (such as about 154,6 miles)
Original image scale range: 99,0 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~2,97 mt across are resolved
Map projected scale: 1 mt/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 4,2°
Phase Angle: 86,4°
Solar Incidence Angle: 90° (meaning that the Sun is about 0° on the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 181,2° (Northern Autumn)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011386_2065_RED_abrowse.jpgCollapse Pit in Tractus Fossae (Enhanced and Darkened Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunar Explorer Italia)53 visiteMars Local Time: 15:46 (middle afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 26,1° North Lat. and 259,4° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 281,9 Km (such as about 176,2 miles)
Original image scale range: 28,2 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~ 85 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 25 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 6,7°
Phase Angle: 54,4°
Solar Incidence Angle: 61° (meaning that the Sun is about 29° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 182,8° (Northern Autumn)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_011386_2065_and_ESP_011531_2065.jpgCollapse Features in Tractus Fossae (High-Def-3D; credits: Dr M. Faccin)54 visiteAcquisition date: 30 December 2008
Mars Local Time: 15:46 (middle afternoon)
Latitude (centered): 26,1° North
Longitude: 259,4° East
Range to target site: 281,9 Km (approx 176,2 miles)
Original image scale range: 28,2 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~85 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 25 cm/pixel and North is up
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission angle: 6,7°
Phase angle: 54,5°
Solar Incidence Angle: 61° (with the Sun about 29° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 182,8° (Northern Autumn)MareKromium
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