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ZZ-Mercury-Global_View_of_the_Surface-PIA14081-PCF-LXTT.jpgNorth Polar Highly Cratered Terrain (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)194 visiteDate Acquired: March 29, 2011
Image Mission Elapsed Time (MET): 209895911
Image ID: 65416
Instrument: Wide Angle Camera (WAC) of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS)
WAC filer: 7 (748 nanometers wavelength)
Center Latitude: 81,2° North
Center Longitude: 72,3° East
Resolution: 166 mt/pixel (0,10 miles/pixel)
Scale: the bottom of this image is about 84 Km (approx. 52 miles) acrossMareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Global_View_of_the_Surface-PIA14082-PCF-LXTT.jpgCraters and Striations (Enhanced Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)139 visiteDate Acquired: March 29, 2011
Image Mission Elapsed Time (MET): 0209894354, 0209894356, 0209894362
Image ID: 65195, 65196, 65200
Instrument: Wide Angle Camera (WAC) of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS)
WAC filter: 6,7,9 (433, 749, 996 nanometers wavelength)
Center Latitude: 18,1° North
Center Longitude: 18,3° East
Resolution: approx. 980 meters/pixel
Scale: image width is approx. 510 kmMareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Global_View_of_the_Surface-PIA14378.jpgThe Cratered Surface of Mercury (Natural Colors; credits: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington)85 visiteThis color image reveals two of Mercury's named Craters, Basho and Bartok. Basho is the Dark-Rimmed Crater to the far left of the image, and Bartok is the bright yellow crater approximately in the center. Both Craters have visible Central Peaks, but Bartok's Peaks appear blue in this image, indicating they may be made of a different material that was unearthed by the large force of the impact.
This image was acquired as part of MDIS's color base map. The color base map is composed of WAC images taken through eight different narrow-band color filters and will cover more than 90% of Mercury's Surface with an average resolution of 1 Km/pixel (0,6 miles/pixel). The highest-quality color images are obtained for Mercury's Surface when both the Spacecraft and the Sun are overhead, so these images typically are taken with viewing conditions of low Incidence and Emission Angles.
Date acquired: June, 21st, 2011
Image Mission Elapsed Time (MET): 217134583, 217134599, 217134579
Image ID: 407077, 407081, 407076
Instrument: Wide Angle Camera (WAC) of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS)
WAC filters: 9 (1000 nanometers), 7 (750 nanometers), 6 (430 nanometers) as red-green-blue.
Center Latitude: 3,.68° South
Center Longitude: 221,4° East
Resolution: 1806 meters/pixel
Scale: Basho, the Dark-Rimmed Crater at far left, is approx. 74 Km in diameter.
Solar Incidence Angle: 51.4° (with the Sun about 38,6° above the Local Horizon)
Emission Angle: 0,6°
Sun-Target-Spacecraft (or "Phase") Angle: 51,6°MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Global_View_of_the_Surface-PIA14399-PCF-LXTT.jpgLow Reflectance Material and Crater Rays (Enhanced Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)180 visiteThis image highlights some of the color features present on Mercury's Surface, such as Low Reflectance Material (LRM) and Crater Rays. Visible in the top left quadrant of this image is the named crater Moody, which has a prominent yellow-orange color on its Floor in this enhanced color image.
This image was acquired as part of MDIS's color base map. The color base map is composed of WAC images taken through eight different narrow-band color filters and will cover more than 90% of Mercury's Surface with an average resolution of 1 Km/pixel (0,6 miles/pixel). The highest-quality color images are obtained for Mercury's surface when both the Spacecraft and the Sun are overhead, so these images typically are taken with viewing conditions of low incidence and emission angles.
Date acquired: July, 3rd, 2011
Image Mission Elapsed Time (MET): 218154838, 218154854, 218154834
Image ID: 456233, 456237, 456232
Instrument: Wide Angle Camera (WAC) of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS)
WAC filter: 9 (1000 nanometers), 7 (750 nanometers), 6 (430 nanometers) as red-green-blue
Center Latitude: 30,86° South
Center Longitude: 149,5° East
Resolution: 1712 meters/pixel
Scale: Moody crater is approx. 83 Km (~51,5 mi.) in diameter
Incidence Angle: 32,6°
Emission Angle: 0,5°
Phase Angle: 32,8°MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Hill-PIA18248-PCF-LXTT-IPF.jpgMercurian Hill (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga/Lunar Explorer Italia/Italian Planetary Foundation)123 visiteThis Vertical Relief (a very small Hill perhaps?), photographed by the NASA - MESSENGER Spacecraft on March, 25, 2014, lies towards the Edge of Mercury's expansive Northern Plains. The Sun, at the time when the picture was taken, was already very low on the Local Mercurian Horizon (---> only 6°), and this circumstance caused the creation of a long Shadow, approximately 3,3 Km (such as about 2,04 miles) long.
Using a simple formula (actually, it is a Trigonometric relationship) - and knowing, in addition to the length of the Shadow, the Local Solar Incidence Angle - it was easy to calculate the height of the Hill, which is approx.(~) 340 meters (such as about (~) 0,2111 miles).
This Vertical Relief, according to NASA Planetary Scientists, could be (even thougb we, as IPF, stronglt disagree with such an hypothesis) a partial remnant of the Rim of an old Impact Crater that, some time in a very remote past of Mercury, was flooded (---> invaded and then almost completely covered) by fluid Lava. North is to the right of this image.
Date acquired: March, 25th, 2014
Image Mission Elapsed Time (MET): 38066727
Image ID: 6000245
Instrument: Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS)
Center Latitude: 83,92° North
Center Longitude: 242,30° East
Solar Incidence Angle: 84,0° (meaning that the Sun, at the time that the picture was taken, was about 6,0° above the imaged Local Mercurian Horizon)
Emission Angle: 1,9°
Sun-Mercury-Messenger (or "Phase") Angle: 82,0°
This picture (which is an Original NASA - MESSENGER Spacecraft's b/w and NON Map-Projected image published on the NASA - Planetary Photojournal with the ID n. PIA 18248) has been additionally processed, contrast enhanced, Gamma corrected, magnified to aid the visibility of the details and then colorized in Absolute Natural Colors (such as the colors that a human eye would actually perceive if someone were onboard the NASA - MESSENGER Spacecraft and then looked outside, towards the Surface of Mercury), by using an original technique created - and, in time, dramatically improved - by the Lunar Explorer Italia Team. Different colors, as well as different shades of the same color, mean, among other things, the existence of different Elements (Minerals) present on the Surface of Mercury, each having a different Albedo (---> Reflectivity) and Chemical Composition.MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Limb-208698.jpgMercury's Horizon (HR)53 visiteAs NASA’s MESSENGER drew closer to Mercury for its historic first flyby, the Spacecraft acquired this image showing a variety of surface textures, including smooth plains at the center of the image, numerous impact craters and rough material that appears to have been ejected from the large crater to the lower right.
MESSENGER has acquired over 1200 images of Mercury. These types of images will assist scientists to study, as never before, details to help them learn about the history and evolution of the innermost Planet.MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Limb-208882.jpgMercury's Horizon (HR)53 visiteJust 9 minutes after MESSENGER passed 200 Km (about 124 miles) above the surface of Mercury – its closest distance to the Planet during the January 14, 2008, flyby – the probe’s Wide Angle Camera (WAC) on the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS) snapped this image.
The WAC is equipped with 11 different narrow-band filters, and this image was taken in filter 7, which is sensitive to light near the red end of the visible spectrum (750 nm). This view, also imaged through the remaining 10 WAC filters, is from the first set of images taken following MESSENGER's closest approach with Mercury.
The image shows Mercury's surface as seen from a low viewing angle, looking over the surface and off the limb of the Planet on the right side of the image.
The cratered terrain in the image is on the side of Mercury unseen by spacecraft prior to this MESSENGER flyby.
This scene was imaged at multiple viewing angles as MESSENGER sped away from Mercury, and these multiple views of the same surface features from different perspectives and in different colors will be used to help understand the properties of Mercury's surface.MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Limb-CN0131766454M.pngSigns of Aging... (natural colors; credits: Lunexit)53 visiteDate Acquired: October 6, 2008
Image Mission Elapsed Time (MET): 131766454
Instrument: Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS)
Resolution: 420 meters/pixel (0,26 miles/pixel) on the right side of the image
Scale: The small crater superimposed on the long cliff is about 30 Km (approx. 19 miles) in diameter
Spacecraft Altitude: about 16.500 kilometers (approx. 10.300 miles)
Of Interest: This dramatic NAC image was acquired about 56 minutes prior to MESSENGER’s closest approach during the mission’s recent Mercury flyby, as the spacecraft approached the Planet's illuminated crescent. Prominent toward the horizon in this view of newly imaged terrain is a long cliff face. A small impact crater (about 30 Km, or approx. 19 miles, in diameter) overlies this lengthy scarp. The scarp extends for over 400 Km (about 250 miles) and likely represents a sign of aging unique to Mercury among the planets in the Solar System.
As time passes, the interior of a planet cools. However, the relative size of Mercury's central metallic core is larger than that of the other planets and hence has significantly affected the planet’s geologic evolution. The numerous long scarps on Mercury are believed to be the surface expression of faults formed in the rocks of Mercury's crust as the interior of the planet cooled and contracted. This contraction compressed the surface and thrust some sections of crust over others, creating long curving cliffs like the one shown here.MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Limb-CN0131766564M.pngA Small Crater Makes a Bright Impact (natural colors; credits: Lunexit)54 visiteDate Acquired: October 6, 2008
Image Mission Elapsed Time (MET): 131766564
Instrument: Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS)
Resolution: 410 meters/pixel (0,25 miles/pixel) in the lower right corner of the image
Scale: The bright crater is about 30 Km in diameter (approx. 19 miles)
Spacecraft Altitude: about 16.000 Km (about 9900 miles)
Of Interest: In both the optical navigation images and the full-planet Wide Angle Camera (WAC) approach frame, a bright feature is clearly visible in the northern portion of the crescent-shaped Mercury. This NAC image resolves details of this bright feature, showing that it surrounds a small crater about 30 Km (approx. 19 miles) in diameter, seen nearly edge-on. Presumably, the bright material was ejected from this small crater, which apparently formed relatively recently in Mercury’s past, because Mercury’s surface materials tend to darken with time. The brilliant ejecta are so bright compared with the neighboring surface that Earth-based telescopic observations also detected this feature, despite its being associated with such a small crater.MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Limb-CW0131772818A_web.jpgMercury, during MESSENGER's 2nd Fly-By (natural, but enhanced colors; credits: Lunexit)53 visiteDate Acquired: October 6, 2008
Image Mission Elapsed Time (MET): 131772818
Instrument: Wide Angle Camera (WAC) of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS)
WAC Filter: 1 (700 nanometers)
Resolution: 2,6 Km/pixel (about 1,6 miles/pixel)
Scale: The left side of the image is about 2700 Km tall (approx. 1700 miles)
Spacecraft Altitude: about 15.000 Km (approx. 9300 miles)
Of Interest: One week ago, no spacecraft had ever seen the majority of the surface visible in this image. Today, one week after MESSENGER’s successful second Mercury flyby, about 95% of Mercury’s surface has been viewed by spacecraft, resulting in nearly global spacecraft imaging coverage of Mercury’s surface for the first time. This WAC image is just one of 99 in a set of 3 columns by 3 rows by 11 color filters that is being combined into a color mosaic of the departing planet. Kuiper crater, with its bright ejecta rays, is visible on the left edge of the image and was seen by Mariner 10, but most of the terrain east of Kuiper was not. A newly imaged crater with an unusual halo of dark material is visible at about the same latitude but toward Mercury’s limb. The long, bright rays that can be seen extending across the surface emanate from a crater just north of this image.MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Limb-Flare-Fake-PIA16909-PCF-LXTT-IPF-0.jpgThis is NOT a "Game"!89 visiteThis beautiful and, as you can see, deeply suggestive image has been recently taken by the NASA - MESSENGER Spacecraft, while it was imaging the Limb of the Planet Mercury. What you see here could reasonably be an "Outgassing" - like the controversial ones which, sometimes, have been seen occurring on our Moon (actually, the so-called "Outgassings" are events in which Volatile-rich Materials are vented from deep inside the Lunar Interior, up to the Lunar Surface - specifically, we can think about Elements like Radon, Nitrogen, Carbon Monoxide, and/or Carbon Dioxide - and which might be the visible result of Low Level (---> Residual) Lunar Volcanic and/or Tectonic Activities). These Outgassing Phenomena, as you should know, are commonly put in the Cathegory of the so-called "Transient Lunar Phenomena" (or TLP, for short).-
On the other hand, this "Flare" might also be the result of an extremely unlikely (but yet possible) Residual Active Volcanic Activity (so, in this scenario, we would be looking at an actual Volcanic Plume) which happened on the innermost Planet of the Solar System: a Planet that has always been considered by the Planetary Scientists - as well as by the General Scientific Community -, like a (Geologically speaking) "Completely Dead Celestial Body".
It is also possible (even though we, as IPF, believe that this very last hypothesis is the least likely of the three) that the "Flare-like Light" seen here, on the Mercurian Limb, could be the evidence of an Impact (i.e.: a Meteor Strike) that has just occurred. However, if this hypothesis were true, we could also assume, just by looking at the shapes of both the Main Plume and the Upper Cloud which can be seen right on top of the Plume itself, that the Celestial Object that hit the Surface of Mercury should/must have followed a nearly (---> almost perfectly) Vertical Impact Trajectory (and this is another rather unlikely - better yet: extremely rare - circumstance).
This picture (which is an Original NASA - MESSENGER Spacecraft b/w frame published on the NASA - Planetary Photojournal with the ID n. PIA 16909 - but now, as we wrote herebefore, removed) has been additionally processed and then colorized in Absolute Natural Colors (such as the colors that a human eye would actually perceive if someone were onboard the NASA - MESSENGER Spacecraft and then looked down, towards the Surface of Mercury), by using an original technique created - and, in time, dramatically improved - by the Lunar Explorer Italia Team. Different colors, as well as different shades of the same color, mean, among other things, the existence of different Elements (Minerals) present on the Surface of Mercury, each having a different Albedo (---> Reflectivity) and Chemical Composition.
Important Note for the Readers: the People working at NASA for The MESSENGER Team implied that this picture was (once again, after "Caduceus") some sort of "practical joke", created to celebrate the Worldwide famous "April Fools' Day". Well, we, as IPF, believe that if this picture, as it seems, is actually a "joke" (---> a fake, in this case), it really is a VERY, VERY poor and stupid one. Please, forgive us for being so direct, but even though some People may think that this idea of making a practical joke out of a MESSENGER b/w frame was "funny" and "educational" (and, in a pretty distorted way, it probably was so), we honestly believe that this silly "stunt" only proves, in a LOUD and CLEAR WAY, how easily, once you have the right REPUTATION, skills and means, the original RAW image-data received from Space can be corrupted/tampered with, either by adding or by removing Features.
As you can also easily understand, the implications arising out of this "stunt" are, actually, countless and, in a way (like we already underlined in the past), quite disturbing...
For your reference and information, please visit http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/gallery/sciencePhotos/image.php?gallery_id=2&image_id=1133MareKromium
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ZZ-Mercury-Limb-Flare-Fake-PIA16909-PCF-LXTT-IPF-1.jpgThis is NOT a "Game"!106 visiteFile NASA originale, scaricato dal "NASA - Planetary Photojournal" (ed ora non più esistente). MareKromium
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